SURVEYING 2

Unit 1: Plane Table Survey

Principle, merits, and demerits of Plane table survey.

Instruments used in plane table survey, setting up the plane table (centering, leveling, orientation).

Methods of plane table survey (radiation, intersection, resection, traversing).

Error in plane table survey.

Unit 2: Introduction to Levelling

Types of levelling instruments, technical terms used in levelling.

Temporary and permanent adjustment.

Different types of levelling, entry of level book.

Curvature and refraction effect, sensitivity of bubble tube.

Common errors and their elimination, degree of accuracy.

Unit 3: Introduction of Theodolite

Types of theodolite, parts of theodolite survey.

Temporary adjustment of theodolite, angle measurement process, reading of angles, field book entry of measured angles.

Permanent adjustment of theodolite.

Unit 4: Introduction of GIS and GPS

Elements of GIS and GPS, observation principles.

Sources of error and handling of error in GPS.

Various types of GPS applications, concept and use of survey software.